སྟོད། བསྟོད།

stod, bstod:

While stod means “upper part (of anything),” bstod pa as a verb means “to praise, eulogise” and as a noun “praise, eulogy.” Can we assume that the two are related? Most probably we can. It is very much comparable to the word “extoll,” which is said to be derived from Latin extollere (from ex- “out, upward” + tollere “raise”).

This is also true for smad “lower part (of anything)” and smad “to debase” (better in German “herabsetzen” or “erniedrigen”).